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The magnetic field and multiple planets of the young dwarf AU Mic
Authors: Donati, JF; Cristofari, PI ; Finociety, B; Klein, B; Moutou, C; Gaidos, E; Cadieux, C; Artigau, E; Correia, ACM; Boue, G; Cook, NJ; Carmona, A; Lehmann, LT; Bouvier, J; Martioli, E; Morin, J; Fouque, P; Delfosse, X; Doyon, R; Hebrard, G; Alencar, SHP; Las
Ref.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 525(1), 455-475 (2023)
Abstract: In this paper, we present an analysis of near-infrared spectropolarimetric and velocimetric data of the young M dwarf AU Mic, collected with SPIRou at the Canada-France-Hawaii telescope from 2019 to 2022, mostly within the SPIRou Legacy Survey. With these data, we study the large- and small-scale magnetic field of AU Mic, detected through the unpolarized and circularly polarized Zeeman signatures of spectral lines. We find that both are modulated with the stellar rotation period (4.86 d), and evolve on a time-scale of months under differential rotation and intrinsic variability. The small-scale field, estimated from the broadening of spectral lines, reaches 2.61 +/- 0.05 kG. The large-scale field, inferred with Zeeman-Doppler imaging from Least-Squares Deconvolved profiles of circularly polarized and unpolarized spectral lines, is mostly poloidal and axisymmetric, with an average intensity of 550 +/- 30 G. We also find that surface differential rotation, as derived from the large-scale field, is similar or equal to 30 per cent weaker than that of the Sun. We detect the radial velocity (RV) signatures of transiting planets b and c, although dwarfed by activity, and put an upper limit on that of candidate planet d, putatively causing the transit-timing variations of b and c. We also report the detection of the RV signature of a new candidate planet (e) orbiting further out with a period of 33.39 +/- 0.10 d, i.e. near the 4:1 resonance with b. The RV signature of e is detected at 6.5 sigma while those of b and c show up at similar or equal to 4 sigma, yielding masses of 10.2(-2.7)(+3.9) and 14.2(-3.5)(+4.8) M-circle plus for b and c, and a minimum mass of 35.2(-5.4)(+6.7) M-circle plus for e.
