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Isotopic equilibrium constants for very low-density and low-temperature nuclear matter

Authors: J. B. Natowitz; H. Pais; G. Roepke; J. Gauthier; K. Hagel; M. Barbui; R. Wada

Ref.: Phys. Rev. C 102, 064621 (2020)

Abstract: Yields of equatorially emitted light isotopes, 1≤Z≤14, observed in ternary fission in the reaction Pu241(nth,f) are employed to determine apparent chemical equilibrium constants for low-temperature and low-density nuclear matter. The degree of equilibration and the role of medium modifications are probed through a comparison of experimentally derived reaction quotients with equilibrium constants calculated using a relativistic mean-field model employing a universal medium modification correction for the attractive σ meson coupling. The results of these comparisons indicate that equilibrium is achieved for the lighter ternary fission isotopes. For the heavier isotopes experimental reaction quotients are well below calculated equilibrium constants. This is attributed to a dynamical limitation reflecting insufficient time for full equilibrium to develop. The role of medium effects leading to yield reductions is discussed, as is the apparent enhancement of yields for He8 and other very neutron-rich exotic nuclei.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.102.064621

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